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Πρωτάρχωι | παρὰ Ἰσιδώρας τῆς Ἡρακλείδου τοῦ καὶ Διονυσίου μετὰ | [[μετὰ]] κυρίου τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ Βακχίου τοῦ Ἡρακλείδου | τοῦ καὶ Διονυσίου Ἀλθαιέως καὶ παρὰ Διονυσίου τοῦ | Διονυσίου Ἰσιδείου. συγχωροῦσιν Ἰσιδώρα καὶ | Διονύσιος συνεληλυθέναι ἀλλήλοις πρὸς γάμο(ν), | Διονύσιος δὲ καὶ εἰληφέναι παρὰ τῆς Ἰσιδώρας | διὰ χειρὸς ἐξ οἴκου φερνὴν ἱμάτια γυναικεῖα ἐν ἀργυ(ρίου) | δραχμαῖς ἑκατὸν ἐνωτίων χρυ[σ]ῶν ζεῦγος ... | δύο καὶ ἀργυρίου Πτολεμαικοῦ ἐπισήμου | δραχμὰς ἑξήκοντα , τὸν Διονύσιον ἀπεσχη-|κότα τὴν προκειμένην φερνὴν τρέφειν καὶ | ἱματίζειν τὴν Ἰσιδώραν ὡς γυναῖκα γα[μετὴν] | κατὰ δύναμιν καὶ μὴ κακουχεῖν αὐτὴν μήδ᾽ ὑ-|βρίζειν μήδ᾽ ἐγβάλλειν μήδ᾽ ἄλλην γυναῖκα | ἐπεισάγειν ἢ ἐκτίνειν τὴν φερνὴν σὺν ἡμιο-|λίᾳ τῆς πράξεως γινομένης ἔκ τε αὐτοῦ | Διονυσίου καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων αὐτῷ πάντων | καθάπερ ἐκ δίκης, καὶ τὴν δὲ Ἰσιδώραν μήτε ἀπό-|κοιτον μήτε ἀφήμερον γείνεσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς | Διονυσίου οἰκίας ἄνευ τῆς Διονυσί[ου] γνώμης | μηδὲ φθείρειν τὸν οἶκον μήδ᾽ ἄλλῳ ἀνδρὶ | συνεῖναι ἢ καὶ αὐτὴν τούτων τι διαπραξαμέ-|νην κριθεῖσαν στέρεσθαι τῆς φερνῆς, θέσθ̣α̣ι̣ [δ]ὲ | αὐτοὺς καὶ τὴν ἐφ᾽ ἱεροθυτῶν περὶ γάμου | συνγραφὴν ἐν ἡμέραις χρηματιζούσαις πέντε | ἀφ᾽ ἧς ἂν ἀλλήλοις προείπωσιν̣ καθ᾽ ἣν ἐνγραφήσε-|ται ἥ τε φερνὴ καὶ τὰ ἄλλα τὰ ἐν ἔθει ὄντα καὶ | τὰ περὶ τῆς ὁποτέρου τῶν γαμούντων τελευ-|τῆς, ὡς ἂν ἐπὶ τοῦ καιροῦ κοινῶς κριθῆι̣. ἀξ(ιοῦμεν(?))

Spoiler

1 To Protarchos, from Isidora daughter of Herakleides also called Dionysios, with her kyrios, her brother Bakhios, son of Herakleides also called Dionysios from the deme of Althea and from Dionysios son of 5 Dionysios from the deme of Isis. Isidora and Dionysios acknowledge that they have come together with each other in marriage. And Dionysios also acknowledges that he has received from Isidora by hand from her house a dowry of women’s clothes valued at 100 drachmas of silver, a pair of gold earrings of 10 two quarters weight (of a gold didrachmon) and sixty drachmas of coined Ptolemaic silver. (They marry on the understanding that) Dionysios, taking the aforementioned dowry, supports and clothes Isidora as befits a married woman, according to his means, and that he not mistreat her or 15 abuse her or throw her out or bring another woman into (the house) or (if he does), he pays back in full the dowry plus 50 percent, there being the right (to Isidora) to exact payment from the same Dionysios and from all his possessions as if by a court judgement. And (on the understanding that) Isidora does not 20 sleep away or be away for a day from Dionysios’ house without Dionysios’ approval, or damage the home, or be with another man, or (if she does), after being judged guilty of having done so, she is deprived of her dowry. (They acknowledge) that 25 they will also deposit a contract about the marriage at the office of the hierothytai within five working days from the day when they announce this to each other, in which will be written both the dowry and the other customary things and the things concerning the death of either one of the spouses, 30 as it is decided (by them) in common at the right time. We ask (that this document be registered)

https://papyri.info/ddbdp/bgu;4;1050

ἀγαθῇ τύχῃ. ἐξέδετο(*) Αὐρηλία Θαῆσις Εὐδαίμονος μητρὸς Ἡρα-
ΐ(*)δος ἀπʼ Ὀξυρύγχων πόλεως μετὰ συνεστῶτος Αὐρηλίου Θέωνος
τοῦ καὶ Νεπωτιανοῦ καὶ ὡς χρημα(τίζει) τὴν ἑαυτῆς θυγατέραν Αὐρηλίαν
Ταυσεῖριν πρὸς γάμον ἀνδρὶ Αὐρηλίῳ Ἀρσινόῳ Τρύφωνος μητρὸς Δη-
5μητρίας ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς πόλεως, ᾧ προσφέρει ἡ αὐτὴ ἐκδότις ἐπὶ τῇ
αὐτῇ θυγατρὶ αὐτῆς καὶ γαμουμένῃ ἐν φερνῇ χρυσοῦ κοινοῦ σταθμῷ
Ὀξυρυγχιτικῷ περιτραχήλιον μανιάκην καλούμενον ἔχον λίθον
ὁλκῆς χωρὶς τοῦ [λί]θ[ο]υ τετάρτων δεκατριῶν , ἁπτώδιον ἔχον(*)
λίθους πέντε περικεχρυσωμένους ὁλκῆς χωρὶς τῶν λίθων τετάρτων
10τεσσάρων , ἐνωτίων ζεῦγος ἔχον πείνας(*) δέκα ὁλκῆς χωρὶς τῶν πει-
νῶν(*) τετάρτων τριῶν , δακτυλίδιον μεικρὸν(*) τετά[ρ]ταις(*) ἥμισυ(*) ,
καὶ ἐν ἱ(*)ματίοις ἐν συντειμήσει(*) δελματικομαφόρτην ἀργέντινον
ἔνσημον δραχμῶν διακοσίων ἑξήκοντα , χιτώνιον λευκὸν μονα-
χὸν κροσωτὸν(*) ἔνσημον δραχμῶν ἑκατὸν ἑξήκοντα , δελματι-
15κομαφόρτην καλλάι(*)νον δραχμῶν ἑκατόν , ἕτερον δελματικομα-
φ[ό]ρ[τ]ην λευκὸν προπόρφυρον δραχμῶν ἑκατόν , ὡς εἶναι ἐπι τὸ αὐ-
τὸ τὴ̣ν̣ ὅ̣λ̣ην φερνὴν χρυσοῦ κοινοῦ μναγιαῖον(*) ἓν τετάρτας τέσσαρας
ἥμισυ καὶ σ̣υ̣ν̣τειμήσεως(*) ἱ(*)ματίων δραχμὰς ἑξακοσίας εἴκοσι ,
πάντα κεφαλαί[ο]υ̣ οἷς οὐδὲν προσεγράφη, περὶ ἧς προκειμένης φερνῆς
20ἐ̣π̣[ε]ρ̣ω̣τηθεὶς <ὑπὸ> η(*) ἐκδοτις(*) Αὐρηλία(*) Θαησις(*) ὡμολόγησεν ὁ γαμῶν
Αὐρή[λιος] Ἀρσίνοος ἐσχηκέναι ἀριθμοῦ πλήρεις ἐπὶ τοῦ προκειμένου
σταθμ[οῦ κ]α̣ὶ συντειμήσεως(*). συνβιούτωσαν οὖν ἀλλήλοις οἱ γαμοῦν-
τες ἀμέμπτως φυλάσσοντες τὰ τοῦ γάμου δίκαια, ὁ δὲ γαμῶν
ε̣ ̣[ ̣ ̣] ̣ χορηγε̣ί̣[τω] τῇ γυναικὶ τὰ δέοντα πάντα κατὰ δύναμιν.
25ἐ̣[ὰν δ]έ̣, ὃ [μὴ ε]ἴ̣η, ἐκ διαφορᾶς ἀπα[λλαγὴ τῶν γ]αμούντων γένηται,
ἀ̣π̣[οδότω] ὁ̣ γαμῶν τῇ ἐκδότιδ̣ι̣, [ἐὰν περιῇ, εἰ δ]ὲ̣ μή, τῇ γαμουμένῃ,
τὴ[ν π]ρ[οκει]μένην φερνὴν π[λήρη ἐν ἡμέρ]αις ἑξήκοντα ἀφʼ ἧς ἐὰν
α[ἴτη]μ̣α̣ γ̣έ̣ν̣ητ̣α̣ι, τ̣ὰ̣ μὲν χρυσία κ̣α̣τ̣ʼ ἀ̣[ρ]ί̣[θμη]σ̣ι̣ν̣ τοῦ ἐφʼ ἑκάστου σταθμοῦ,
ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν ἐπὶ συντειμήσεως(*) ἱ(*)ματίων α̣ἵ̣ρ̣εσις ἔσται περὶ τοὺς περὶ τὴν
30γαμουμένην ἔχειν αὐτὰ τῆς τότε ἐσομένης αὐτῶν συντει̣μήσεως(*)
καὶ λ̣α̣β̣εῖν̣ [τ]ὸ̣ ἐ̣ν̣δέον ἐν ἀρ[γ]υ̣ρ̣ίῳ ἢ αὐτὴν τὴν προκειμένην συντείμη-
σιν(*), κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [τ]ὴ̣ν̣ τούτων πάν̣τ̣ω̣ν̣ τρίψιν καὶ ἀπουσίαν εἶναι πρὸς τὸν γαμοῦν-
τα. [ἐὰ]ν̣ [δὲ] καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς ἀπαλλαγῆς ἐγκυος ἠν(*) ἡ γαμουμένη, δότω αὐτῇ
ὁ γαμῶν εἰς λόγον δαπάνης λοχείας δραχμὰς τεσσαράκοντα . ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς
35ἀπαιτήσεως τῆς πρ[ο]κειμένης φερνῆς ἡ πρᾶξις ἔσται τοῖς περὶ τὴν γα-
μουμένην παρά τ̣ε̣ τοῦ γαμοῦντος καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων αὐτῷ πάντων.
κυρία ἡ συνγραφὴ δισσὴ [γρα]φεῖσα πρὸς τὸ ἑκάτερον ἔχειν μοναχόν, ἥνπερ ὁπη-
νίκα ἐὰν αἱρῶνται ἢ καί τις αὐτῶν δημοσιώσει διὰ τοῦ καταλογείου
οὐ προσδεόμενος τῆς τοῦ ἑτέρου μεταλήμψεως οὐδὲ̣ ἑτέρας εὐδοκήσεως
40διὰ τὸ ἐντεῦθεν εὐδοκεῖν τῇ ἐσομένῃ δημοσιώσει, περὶ δὲ τοῦ ταῦτα
ὀρθῶς καλῶς γείνεσθαι ἀλλήλους ἐπερωτήσαντ[ε]ς ὡμολόγησαν.
(ἔτους) ζ̣ Αὐτοκρατόρων Καισάρων Πουπλίου Λικιννίου Οὐαλεριανοῦ καὶ Πουπλίου
Λικι[νν]ί̣[ο]υ Οὐαλεριανοῦ Γαλλιηνοῦ Γερμανικῶν Μεγίστων Εὐσεβῶν Εὐτυχῶν
καὶ Π̣[ο]υ̣π̣λ̣[ίο]υ Λικιννίου(*) Κορνηλίου Σαλωνείνου Οὐαλεριανοῦ τοῦ ἐπιφανεστάτου
45Καίσ[αρ]ος Σεβαστῶν Μεχεὶρ β. (hand 2) Αὐρηλία Θαῆσις ἐξεδόμην
τὴν θυγατέραν μου πρὸς γάμον τῷ προτεταγμένῳ
Ἀρσινόῳ καὶ προσήνεγκα αὐτῷ τὴν προκειμένην φερ-
νὴν ὡς πρόκειται καὶ ἐπερωτηθεῖσα ὡμολόγησα. Αὐρήλιος
Θέων ὁ καὶ Νεπωτιανὸς συνέστην αὐτῇ καὶ ἔγραψα ὑ(*)πὲρ
50αὐ[τ]ῆς μὴ εἰδυί(*)ης γράμματα. (hand 3) Αὐρήλιος Ἀρσίνοος
[ἔσ]χον τὴν {την} προκειμέν̣η̣ν(*) φερνή̣ν̣(*)
καὶ ἐάν, ὅ μὴ(*) εἴη, ἀπαλλαγὴ γένη-
ται, ἀποδώσω ὡς πρόκειται καὶ ἐπ-
ε[ρ]ωτηθεὶς ὡμολόγησα.

Spoiler

For good fortune. Aurelia Thaesis daughter of Eudaimon, her mother being
Herais, from the city of Oxyrhynchus, with Aurelius Theon, also called
Neoptianus and however he is called, assisting (synestos), gave her own
daughter Aurelia Tauseiris in marriage to a husband, Aurelius Arsinoos son
of Tryphon, his mother being Demetria, from the same city. To him also the
same giver (Aurelia Thaesis), on behalf of the same daughter of hers who is
being married, provides as dowry of common gold on the Oxyrhynchite
standard: a neckpiece called a maniakes with a stone, of thirteen quarters weight excluding the stone; a brooch having five stones with a gold setting,
of four quarters weight excluding the stones; a pair of earrings having ten
pearls, of three quarters weight excluding the pearls; a little ring of half a
quarter weight. And in clothing whose value has been appraised: a silvery
hooded Dalmatic cape,105 worth 260 drachmas of coined silver, a white
fringed single-cloth little chiton106 worth 160 drachmas of coined silver, a
blue-green Dalmatic cape worth 100 drachmas, another Dalmatic cape,
white with purple border, worth 100 drachmas, so that the whole dowry is
worth one mina, four quarters and a half of common gold, and the value of
the clothing is 620 drachmas, the sum total to which nothing has been
added. And the bridegroom, Aurelius Arsinoos, having been asked about the
afore-mentioned dowry by the giver, Aurelia Thaesis, agreed that he had
received the full amount in regard to the afore-mentioned weight and value.
Therefore let the married couple live with each other blamelessly,
guarding the rights of marriage, and let the husband … provide to the wife
all the necessities according to his ability. But if – and may it not happen –
there should be a separation of the couple arising from disagreement, the
husband shall give back to the giver (Aurelia Thaesis, the mother), if she is
still alive, or if not, to the bride, the afore-mentioned dowry in full within
60 days from the time the request is made, the gold according to the reckoning
of the weight of each item, but in regard to the clothing whose value
has been appraised, those on the bride’s side will have a choice either to have
them at the value they will have at that time, and take the balance in silver,
or to take the afore-mentioned appraised value itself, and the groom will
have responsibility for wear and tear and loss of all items.
And if at the time of separation the bride should be pregnant, the groom
shall give to her 40 drachmas for the expenses of childbirth. Concerning the
request for return of the afore-mentioned dowry, those on the bride’s side
will have the right of execution on the groom and all his possessions.107
This contract, having been written in duplicate so that each party can
have a single copy, is legally valid. And whenever they choose, both or one of
them will make it public at the record-office, without the need for the
participation of the other nor any other consent, because they agree henceforth
to its future publication. And, having asked each other about whether
these things were done correctly and well, they agreed (that they were).
In the seventh year of the Emperors and Caesars, Publius Licinnius
Valerianus and Publius Licinnius Valerianus Gallienus, Germanici, greatest,
pious, (and) fortunate, and Publius Licinnius Cornelius Saloninus Valerianus
the most notable Caesar, Augusti, the 2nd of Mecheir.108
[in a 2nd hand] I, Aurelia Thaesis, have given my daughter in marriage to
the above-mentioned Arsinoos and I have brought to him the aforementioned
dowry as is set forth above and having been asked, I agreed. I,
Aurelius Theon, also called Nepotianus, assisted her and I wrote on her
behalf since she does not know letters.

μετάφραση απο δω

ἀγαθῇ τύχῃ. ἐξέδοτο ἑαυτὴν Αὐρηλία
Κύριλλα Ἰσιδώρου μητρὸς Σινθώνιος ἀπʼ Ὀ-
ξυρύγχων πόλεως Αὐρηλίῳ Πασιγώνει
Παε̣ῖτος μητρὸς Ταυῆτος ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς πό-
5λεως, ἀμφότεροι ἐνταφιασταί. συμβιού-
τωσαν οὖν ἀλλήλοις οἱ γαμοῦντες φυλάσ-
σοντες τὰ τοῦ γάμου δίκαια. ὁ δὲ [γαμῶ]ν
καὶ ἐπιχορηγ[εί]τ̣ω τῇ γυναικὶ τὰ δέοντα
πάντα κατὰ δ[ύ]ν̣αμιν. ἐστάθη δὲ ἐν ἀλ-
10[λ]ήλοις μετοξὺ(*) [Αὐ]ρ̣ηλίων Διογᾶτος Διογέ-
[νους] καὶ Σαρα̣π̣[ί]ωνος Παυλείνου ἀμφ[ο-]
[τέρ]ων συνομοφ[ύλ]ων ἐπὶ τῷ ἐὰν μὲν
[ἡ Κύ]ριλλα ἄνε̣[υ τ]ι̣νὸς εὐλόγου αἰτίας [ ̣ ̣]

https://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.oxy;49;3500

George_V έγραψε: 08 Φεβ 2021, 21:26 Αν θυμάμαι καλά στη Ρωμαϊκή περίοδο δεν απαιτούνταν θρησκευτική τελετή για να επισφραγιστει η εγκυρότητα του γάμου (ήταν προαιρετική. Όποιος ήθελε πήγαινε στους εθνικούς ιερείς, αν δεν ήθελε δεν είχε νομικο κωλυμα πάντως) . Αρκούσε δήλωση στον τοπικό άρχοντα η στον Πραιτωρα/Κηνσωρα για Ρωμαίους Πολίτες με ταυτόχρονη κατάθεση του ως άνω συμφωνητικού.

George_V έγραψε: 08 Φεβ 2021, 21:53 Δεν είναι απαραίτητο να είναι Ρωμαίοι πολίτες επειδή φέρουν Ρωμαϊκό όνομα. Μπορεί να είναι ίσως απελευθεροι οι οποίοι όταν αποκτουσαν την Ελευθερία τους έπαιρναν το οικογενειακο όνομα του κυρίου τους.

Σενέκας έγραψε: 08 Φεβ 2021, 21:58

George_V έγραψε: 08 Φεβ 2021, 21:53 Δεν είναι απαραίτητο να είναι Ρωμαίοι πολίτες επειδή φέρουν Ρωμαϊκό όνομα. Μπορεί να είναι ίσως απελευθεροι οι οποίοι όταν αποκτουσαν την Ελευθερία τους έπαιρναν το οικογενειακο όνομα του κυρίου τους.

Ναι, αυτό λέω. Τυπικά ήταν απελεύθεροι του Καρακάλα(Μάρκος Αυρήλιος Αντωνίνος). Όλοι όσοι έγιναν ρωμαίοι πολίτες με το δικό του διάταγμα πήραν και το όνομά του

[ἐπὶ ὑπάτων Πουβλίου Μετειλίου Νέπωτος τὸ β καὶ Μάρκου Ἀννίου Λίβωνος νώναις Ἀπρι-]
[λίαις, ἀριθμῷ δὲ τῆς νέας ἐπαρχείας Ἀραβίας ἔτους τρίτου εἰκοστοῦ μηνὸς Ξανδί-]
κ̣οῦ πεντ̣ε̣[καιδεκάτῃ, ἐν Μαωζᾳ περὶ Ζοαραν, ἐξέδοτο Ἰούδας Ἐ]λ̣ε̣α̣[ζ]ά̣ρ̣ο̣υ̣ το̣[ῦ καὶ]
Χθουσίωνος Σ̣[ελα]μ̣ψ̣ι̣ώ̣ν̣η̣ν̣ [τὴν ἰδίαν θυγατέρα α]ὐ̣τ̣ο̣ῦ̣ παρθένον Ἰούδα̣[τι υἱῷ]
5Ἀ̣ν̣α̣ν̣ί̣ο̣υ̣ Σ̣ω̣μαλα καλ̣ο̣υμέ̣ν̣ῳ̣ [Κίμβερι, ἀμφότεροι ἀπὸ κώμης Ἐνγαδῶν τ]ῆ̣ς̣ Ἰ̣ο̣υ̣δαί-
[ας ἐ]ν̣θ̣ά̣δ̣ε̣ κ̣α̣τ̣α̣μ̣έ̣ν̣ο̣ν̣τ̣ε̣ς̣, ε̣ἶ̣ν̣α̣ι̣ τ̣ὴ̣ν̣ Σ̣ε̣λ̣α̣μ̣ψ̣ι̣ώ̣νη<ν> Ἰούδατι̣ Κ̣ί̣μ̣β̣ε̣ρ̣ι̣ γ̣υ̣ν̣α̣ῖ̣κ̣α̣
γ̣α̣μετὴν πρὸ̣ς γάμου κοινων̣[ία]ν κατὰ τοὺς ν̣όμους, προσφερομένην αὐτῷ
εἰς λόγον προσφορᾶς κοσμίαν γ̣υ̣ναικίαν(*) ἐν ἀργύρῳ καὶ χρυσῷ καὶ ἱματισ-
μῷ διατετειμημένην(*) ἐ̣ν̣ ἀ̣λλή[λ]οις, ὡς λ̣έγουσιν οἱ ἀμφότεροι, ἀξιοχρέαν
10εἶναι ἀργυρίου δηναρίων διακοσίων , ἣν τειμογραφίαν(*) ὡμολόγησεν ὁ γήμας
Ἰούδας Κίμβερ ἀπειληφέναι παρὰ τῆς αὐτῆς Σελαμψιοῦς γυναικὸς αὐ-
τοῦ διὰ χειρὸς παραχρῆμα παρὰ Ἰούδου πατρὸς αὐτῆς καὶ ὀφείλειν αὐ-
τὸν τῇ αὐτῇ Σελαμψιώνῃ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ ἅμα δηναρίων ἄλλων
τριακοσίων ἃ ὡμολόγησεν δοῦναι αὐτῇ πρὸς τ̣ὰ̣ τῆς προγεγραμμέ-
15νης προσφορᾶς αὐτῆς πάντα εἰς λόγον προιοκὸς(*) αὐτῆς ἀκολούθως αἱρέσει
τροφῆς καὶ ἀμφιασμοῦ αὐτῆς τε καὶ τῶν μελλόντων τέκνων \ἑλληνικῷ νόμῳ/ ἐπὶ τῆς
τοῦ αὐτοῦ Ἰούδα Κίμβ[ε]ρ̣ο[ς] π̣ίστε̣ως καὶ κ̣ινδύνου καὶ πάντων ὑπαρχόν-
των ὧν τε ἔχει ἐν τῇ̣ α̣ὐ̣τ̣ῇ̣ [πα]τ̣ρ̣ί̣δ̣ι αὐ̣τ̣ο̣ῦ̣ καὶ ὧδε καὶ ὧν ἐπικτήσηται
πάντῃ πά̣[ν]τ̣ων κυρίω[ς, τ]ρ̣ό̣π̣ῳ̣ ᾧ̣ ἂν α[ἱ]ρ̣ῆ̣τ̣α̣ι ἡ Σελαμψ̣ι̣ών<η> γυνὴ αὐτοῦ ἢ ὃς
20διʼ αὐτῆ̣ς̣(*) ἢ̣ [ὑ]π̣[ὲ]ρ αὐτῆς(*) πρ̣[ά]σ̣σων αἱρῆται τ̣ὴ̣ν̣ ε̣ἴ̣[σ]π̣ρ̣[αξιν] ποιεῖσθαι.
ἀλλ̣άξ̣[ει] δ̣[ὲ Ἰο]ύδας ὁ κ̣αλούμ̣ε̣ν̣ος Κίμβε̣[ρ τῇ γυνα]ι̣[κὶ] α̣ὐ̣τοῦ Σελαμψιώνῃ τὴ[ν]
σ̣υνγ̣ρ̣α̣[φ]η(*) [τ]αύτην ἐν ἀ̣[ργύρ]ῳ̣ ἠσφαλισμένῳ ὡς καθήκει ὁπόταν αὐτὸν ἀπα̣ι̣-
τήσει(*) ταῖς ἑαυτοῦ δαπ̣[άναις] κατὰ μη̣δ̣ὲ̣ν [ἀ]ντιλέγων. εἰ δὲ μή γε, ἐκτίσει αὐ-
τῇ τὰ προγεγραμμέν̣[α δηνάρ]ι̣α̣ πάν̣τ̣α̣ δ̣ι̣πλοῦν, καὶ τῆς πράξεως γεινο̣-
25μένης αὐτῇ ἀπό τε Ἰο̣[ύδου Κίμ]β̣ε̣[ρος] ἀ̣ν̣δ̣ρ̣ὸ̣ς αὐτῆς καὶ ἐκ τῶν(*) ὑπαρχόντω̣[ν]
αὐ̣τοῦ κυρίω̣[ς], τρόπῳ [ᾧ ἂν] α̣ἱ̣[ρ]ῆ̣τ̣α̣ι ἢ ὃ̣ς̣ [δ]ι̣ʼ [α]ὐτῆς ἢ ὑπ̣ὲρ αὐτῆς πράσσων
τὴν εἴσ[π]ρ̣α̣[ξι]ν ποιεῖσθα̣ι. πί̣[σ]τ̣ει ἐπηρωτήθη κα̣[ὶ ἀνθω]μ̣ο̣λ̣[ογ]ή̣θη ταῦτα

Spoiler

In the consulship of Publius Metilius Nepo for the second time and of
Marcus Annius Libo, [on the nones of April], on the fifteenth of the month
Xandikos [of the twenty-third year] according to the numbering of the new
province of Arabia, in Maoza around Zoara. [Judah] son of Eleazar also called
Khthousion, gave Shelamzion, his own daughter, a virgin, to Judah called
Cimber, son of Ananias son of Somalas, both from the village of Ein-gedi of
Judaea, residing here, for Shelamzion to be wedded wife to Judah Cimber for
the partnership of marriage according to the laws. She brings to him for the
purpose of wedding-gift (prosphora) female finery in silver and gold and
clothing valued by mutual agreement, as they both say, to be worth 200
denarii of silver. The groom, Judah called Cimber, acknowledged that he has
taken this assessment from her by hand, immediately from Judah her father,
and that he owes (it) to the same Shelamzion, his wife, together with
another 300 denarii which he acknowledged that he gave to her in addition
to all the items of her wedding-gift written above, for the purpose of her
dowry (proix) in accordance with the purpose of support and clothing for
both her and (their) future children by the Hellenic custom,132 on the guarantee
of the same Judah Cimber and at his risk and (on the security) of all
the possessions which he has in his same homeland and here and of all those
which he will possess anywhere lawfully. (And he acknowledged) that he
will make the payment due in whatever way Shelamzion, his wife, chooses,
or whoever is acting through [her] or on her behalf chooses. Judah, called
Cimber, will exchange for [his] wife Shelamzion this contract in guaranteed
silver as is appropriate, whenever she asks him, from his own money with no
dispute.133 But if he doesn’t, he will pay to her double all the denarii written above, there being to her lawfully the right to exact payment [from]
her husband Judah Cimber and from his possessions, in whatever way
Shelamzion, or whoever is acting through her or on her behalf, chooses that
the payment due be made.134
The question was asked in good faith and it was acknowledged in reply
that these things were thus done well.135
[There follow, in Aramaic, the signatures of Judah son of Eleazar Khthousion and Judah
Cimber. Cimber guarantees Shelamzion’s dowry of 500 silver denarii.]
I, Theenas son of Simon, the scribe,136 wrote this.

[The signatures of Judah son of Eleazar and Judah Cimber, and of five witnesses, are
written on the back of the document in Aramaic.]

18. The Same Emperors and the Caesar Valerian to Theodora.

There is no doubt that he who has two wives at once is branded with infamy, for, in a case of this kind, not the operation of the law by which Our citizens are forbidden to contract more than one marriage at a time, but the intention, should be considered; and therefore he who pretended to be unmarried, but had another wife in the province, and asked you to marry him, can lawfully be accused of the crime of fornication, for which you are not liable, for the reason that you thought that you were his wife. You can obtain from the Governor of the province the return of all your property of which you deplore the loss on account of the fraudulent marriage, and which should be restored to you without delay. But how can you recover what he promised to give you as his betrothed ?

̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ς Σοῦλις νεκροτάφος τοπαρχίας Κύσε[ως]
Σεμψαι(*)ς(*) θυγατρος(*) Ψάϊ(*)τος ἐκ μητρὸς Τεοῦς νεκροτάφις(*)
ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς χαίρειν. ἐπὶ(*) ἔκ τινος πονηροῦ δαίμο-
νος συνέβη αὑτοὺς ἀπεζεῦχθαι ἀλλήλων τὴν κοι-
5νὴν αὑτῶν συνβίωσιν, ἐντεῦθεν ὁμολογῶ
ὁ μὲν ὁ προκείμενος Σοῦλ(ις) πεπληρωμένος πάν-
των τῶν παραδοθέντων αὐτῇ [π]αρʼ [ἐμοῦ οἱῳδή-]
ποτε τρόπῳ εἰδῶν, ἀποπέμπεσθαι αὐτὴ[ν καὶ μη-]
κέτι μετελεύσεσθαι μήδε(*) περὶ συμβιώ[σεως μή-]
10τε περὶ ἕδ̣ν̣ου, ἀλλʼ ἐξεῖναι αὐτῇ ἀποστῆ[ναι καὶ]
γαμηθῆναι ᾧ ἐὰν βουληθῇ· ἡ δὲ προκειμ[ένη Σεν-]
ψάις πεπληρῶσθαι παρʼ αὐτοῦ τοῦ προκει[μένου]
Σοῦλ(ις) πάντων τῶν ἐπιδοθέντων αὐ[τῷ εἰς λό-]
γον πρ[οι]κὸς ἅμα̣ [κ]ὲ̣(*) ἄ̣λ̣λ̣ω̣ν̣ [τιν]ῶν ὄ̣[ντων]
15αὐτῆς σκευῶν {καὶ ἄλλῳ} οἱῳδήποτε τ[ρόπῳ]·
καὶ μὴ μετελεύσεσθαι ἀλλήλους [ἐντεῦ-]
θεν περὶ μηδενὸς ἁπαξαπλῶς ἐ[γγράφου ἢ]
ἀγράφου παντὸς πράγματος τὸ σύ[νολον]
διὰ τὸ τελείαν <εἶναι τὴν> ἀποζυγήν. ἡ ἀπο[ζυγὴ ἥδε]
20δισσὴ γραφεῖσα ἐφʼ ὑπογραφῆς κ[υρία]
ἔστω καὶ βεβαία ὡς ἐν δημοσί[ῳ κατακει-]
μένη, καὶ ἐπερωτηθεὶς ὡμολ[όγησα.]
(ἔτους) ιδ καὶ (ἔτους) β [τ]ῶν κυρίων ἡ[μῶν]
[Κωνστ]α̣[ντίου] καὶ Μαξι[μια-]

https://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.grenf;2;76

Ἡρακλείδηι ἱερεῖ καὶ ἀρχιδι-
καστῆι καὶ πρὸς τῇ ἐπιμε-
λείᾳ τῶν χρηματιστῶν καὶ τῶ\ν/
ἄλλων κριτηρίων
5παρὰ Σύρας τῆς Θέωνος.
συνεβίωσα Σαραπίωνι φερνὴν το\ύ/-
τῳ δοῦσα κατὰ συνχώρησιν εἰς
λόγον ἀργυρίου δραχμῶν διακο\σί/-
ων . ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν ἐπιδεξαμέ-
10νη αὐτὸν εἰς τὰ τῶν γονέων
μου οἰκητήρια λειτὸν(*) παν-
τελῶς ὄντα ἀνέγκλητον
ἐματὴν(*) ἐν ἁπᾶσει(*) παρειχό-
μην. ὁ δὲ Σαραπίων κατα-
15χρη\σά/μενος τῆι φερνῇ εἰς ὃν
ἠβούλετο(*) λόγον οὐ διέλει-
πεν κακουχῶν με καὶ ὑβρί-
[ζ]ων καὶ τὰς χεῖρας ἐπι-
φέρων καὶ τῶν ἀναγκαί-
20ων ἐνδεῆ καθιστάς, ὕσ-
τερον δὲ ἐνκατέ-
λιπέ με λειτὴν(*) καθεσ-
τῶσαν. διὸ ἀξιῶ συντάξαι
καταστῆσαι αὐτὸν ἐπὶ σὲ
25ὅπως ἐπαναγκασθῇ συν-
εχόμενος ἀποδοῦναι ⟦μ⟧
μοι τὴν [φ]ερνὴν σὺν ἡμι-
ολίᾳ. τῶ[ν] μὲν γ̣ὰ̣ρ̣ ἄλ-
λων τῶν [ὄντων πρὸς αὐτὸν]
30ἀντέχομ[αι καὶ ἀνθέξομαι].

Spoiler

To Herakleides, priest and archidikastes and in charge of the circuit-judges
and other courts, from Syra the daughter of Theon. I lived in marriage with
Sarapion, giving him a dowry according to an agreement (synkhoresis) for the
amount of 200 drachmas of silver. And indeed, I received him into my
parents’ home, since he was completely impoverished, and I conducted
myself without reproach in everything. But Sarapion, having disposed of my
dowry for whatever purpose he wished, did not leave off mistreating me and
insulting me and laying his hands on me, and after he rendered me in need
of the necessities (of life), he finally left me, when I had become impoverished.
Therefore I request you to order him to be brought before you, in
order that he may be arrested and forced to pay back my dowry to me plus
fifty percent. I retain and [will retain] (my right of legal action) in regard to
other matters .

Σενέκας έγραψε: 09 Φεβ 2021, 00:36 Η Σύρα του Θέωνος δέχτηκε να παντρευτεί τον Σαραπίωνα με προγαμιαίο συμβόλαιο που έλεγε ότι σε περίπτωση διαζυγίου, της οφείλει την αξία της προίκας+ 50% της αξίας αυτής.

ST48410 έγραψε: 09 Φεβ 2021, 00:43

Σενέκας έγραψε: 09 Φεβ 2021, 00:36 Η Σύρα του Θέωνος δέχτηκε να παντρευτεί τον Σαραπίωνα με προγαμιαίο συμβόλαιο που έλεγε ότι σε περίπτωση διαζυγίου, της οφείλει την αξία της προίκας+ 50% της αξίας αυτής.

Ωραίο νήμα. Το παραπάνω χτυπάει κάπως. Δεν ήταν πατριαρχική η κοινωνία τότε; Πως στεκόταν μια τέτοια γυναικεία απαίτηση (άσχετα με το τι συνέβη μετά);