hellegennes έγραψε: 17 Οκτ 2019, 12:35
alexandroso έγραψε: 17 Οκτ 2019, 12:32
Μόνο που σήμερα αυτό τον ρόλο, της έρευνας, τον αναλαμβάνει το κράτος. Οι φαρμακοβιομηχανίες απλά απολαμβάνουν τα κέρδη απ την έρευνα που έγινε με τα λεφτά των φορολογουμένων που καλούνται μετά να ξαναπληρώσουν για το κέρδος του καπιταλιστή γιατί προφανώς το κράτος μπορεί να κάνει την έρευνα άλλα την παραγωγή και τη διανομή των φαρμάκων όχι γιατί... Γιατί έτσι, δεν μπορεί λαίμαι.
Ούτε κατά διάνοια. Η φαρμακοβιομηχανία είναι ένας από τους κατεξοχήν τομείς που γίνεται εκτεταμένη και πολυετής έρευνα από εταιρείες.
Με ποιανού τα λεφτά; Δεν λέω ότι τα βάζει παντού όλα το κράτος (δυστυχώς γιατί οι ιδιωτικές έρευνες εξυπηρετούν πρώτα τα συμφέροντα και μετά τη δημόσια υγεία με αποτέλεσμα να αλλοιώνονται επίτηδες σε πολλές περιστάσεις) αλλά βάζει την μερίδα του λέοντος στις περισσότερες χώρες.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3727685/
[...]In the U.S., public funding for medical research has traditionally been delivered by the government's annual or biannual appropriations process; states also follow this model. The reliance on this process has historically led to major swings in research funding. Any negative economic cycle, war, or other financial stress for the U.S. government results in intense competition for annual appropriations, which in turn generates an extremely high level of uncertainty and fluctuations in funding patterns for medical research.[...]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_research
[...]Research funding in many countries derives from research bodies and private organizations which distribute money for equipment, salaries, and research expenses. United States, Europe, Asia, Canada, and Australia combined spent $265.0 billion in 2011, which reflected growth of 3.5% annually from $208.8 billion in 2004.[3] The United States contributed 49% of global governmental funding from these regions in 2011 compared to 57% in 2004.[3]
In the United Kingdom, funding bodies such as the Medical Research Council derive their assets from UK tax payers, and distribute revenues to institutions by competitive research grants. The Wellcome Trust is the UK's largest non-governmental source of funds for biomedical research and provides over £600 million per year in grants to scientists and funds for research centres.[4]
In the United States, data from ongoing surveys by the National Science Foundation (NSF) show that federal agencies provided only 44% of the $86 billion spent on basic research in 2015.[5] The National Institutes of Health and pharmaceutical companies collectively contribute $26.4 billion and $27 billion, which constitute 28% and 29% of the total, respectively. Other significant contributors include biotechnology companies ($17.9 billion, 19% of total), medical device companies ($9.2 billion, 10% of total), other federal sources, and state and local governments. Foundations and charities, led by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, contributed about 3% of the funding. These funders are attempting to maximize their return on investment in public health.[6] One method proposed to maximize the return on investment in medicine is to fund the development of open source hardware for medical research and treatment.[7]
The enactment of orphan drug legislation in some countries has increased funding available to develop drugs meant to treat rare conditions, resulting in breakthroughs that previously were uneconomical to pursue. [...]
