συνεχίζω λίγο ακόμα
The guild government of 1343 was not founded, as its
distant archetype of 1293 had been, on the participation of the twelve major
guilds; rather, it was predicated on the assumption that the electoral
and constitutional functions to which the guilds were called would be
shared by all twenty-one legally recognized corporations. Villani was quite
specific and insistent on this point: "The popolo rose in influence, audacity,
and power," he wrote, "especially the middle and lower guildsmen,
for at that time the government of the city fell into the hands of the consuls
of the twenty-one guilds."
The pressures from the guild community that caused Villani to view the
corporate resurgence in such terms were already apparent on 30 September
when the Signoria convened a large group of citizens to deliberate on
the composition and authority of a special balia to be entrusted with a general
reform of the government. Four of the recorded speakers suggested
the inclusion in the balia of a certain number of consuls from each of the
guilds.
One such proposal came from Domenico di Ser Lippo Castri, who
specified that the participating consuls be recruited from each guild ("de
qualibet arte"). Another speaker, Bartolo de' Ricci, recommended the addition
of both the gonfalonieri and "two-thirds of the consuls," a formulation
that almost certainly meant two-thirds of the consuls of each guild.''
His suggestion was seconded by two other speakers. In the end, however,
the balia was limited, formally at least, to the Signoria and the Twelve,
who were empowered until the end of October to proclaim any decrees or
laws that they deemed necessary "for the governance and rule and for the
peaceful and tranquil condition of the city, people, and commune of Florence,
of the guilds and guildsmen of the same city and people, and of its
contado and district
σημείωση ότι ο Villani ήταν επίσης επιχειρηματίας, μέτοχος αρχικά των Περούτζι και μετά άλλη εταιρίας, και νομίζω κιόλας μέλος της Καλιμάλα- το συνδικάτο της ελιτ κατά κάποιο τρόπο. Θα πρέπει να τον ετρώμαξε το ξύπνημα του λαϊκού αισθήματος που προκάλεσε κατα λάθος ο Δούκας
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_of_Brienne
